معدل التضخم في نتائج امتحان الثانوية العامة في الأردن، خلال الأعوام 2015-2020

قائمة المصادر والمراجع

أولًا: المصادر والمراجع العربيَّة

جرادات، معن، والعمري، حسّان.(2017). الكشف عن العوامل المساهمة في تضخم العلامات في الجامعات الأردنية، من وجهة نظر أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية، مجلة جامعة النجاح للأبحاث،1(4)، 683- 708.

الحجيلي، محمد.(2007). تضخم العلامات في المرحلة الثانوية،-دراسة تقويمية لواقع علامات طلاب وطالبات المرحلة الثانوية بالمناطق التعليمية: مكة المكرمة؛ المدينة المنورة؛ القصيم. رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة، جامعة أم القرى، مكة المكرمة.

الطراونة، إخليف، والرواضية، صالح. (2016). المدارس الثانوية التي لم ينجح فيها أحد خلال العام الدراسي 2014/2015: أسباب الإخفاق والعلاج. الجمعية التربوية الأردنية، المجلة التربوية الأردنية، 1(1)، 23-63.

القاضي، هيفا.(2005). تضخم العلامات وارتفاعها: دراسة تحليلية لنتائج طالبات الثانوية العامة في منطقتي الرياض والمدينة المنورة للعام الدراسي 1422 -1423 ه. مجلة

رسالة الخليج العربي، مكتب التربية العربية لدول الخليج، 65 (26)، 67 – 109.

الكعابنة، نايل. (2018). تضخم العلامات : دراسة تحليلية لعلامات طلبة جامعة شقراء. مجلة الدراسات التربوية والنفسية، 12(3)، 539-552.

وزارة التربية والتعليم.(2017). تعليمات امتحان شهادة الدراسة الثانوية العامة لسنة 2017. استرجع بتاريخ 15/2/2020 من الموقع https://moe.gov.jo/ ar/node/19294.

وزارة التربية والتعليم.(2020). نسب النجاح في التوجيهي حسب الفرع ونوع الدراسة. استرجع بتاريخ 15/2/2020 من الموقع https://alghad.com

ثانيًا: المراجع العربية مترجمة إلى اللغة الإنجليزية

Jaradat, M., & Omari, H. (2017). Exploring the Factors Contributing to Grades’ Inflation in Jordanian Universities: Faculty – Oriented View Point, An-Najah University Journal for Research, 1(4), 683-708.

Al-Hujaili, M. (2007). Inflation of grades in the secondary stage - an evaluation study of the reality of the grades of male and female secondary school students in the educational regions: Makkah Al-Mukarramah; Madina El Munawara; Al-Qassim. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah.

Al-Tarawneh, I., & Al-Rawadiyah, S. (2016). Secondary schools where no one passed during the 2014/2015 school year: reasons for failure and treatment. The Jordanian Educational Association, The Jordanian Educational Journal, 1(1), 23-63.

Alqadi, H. (2005). Marks inflation and height: an analytical study of the results of high school students in the regions of Riyadh and Medina for the academic year 1422-1423 AH. The Arabian Gulf Message Journal, Arab Education Bureau for the Gulf States, 65, (26), 67-109.

Al-Kaabna, Nile. (2018). Inflation of scores: an analytical study of the scores of Shaqra University students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, 12(3), 539-552.

Ministry of Education. (2017). Instructions for the General Secondary School Certificate Examination for the year 2017. Retrieved on 15/2/2020 from the website https://moe.gov .jo/ ar/node/19294.

Ministry of Education.(2020). Success rates in Tawjihi by branch and type of study. Retrieved on February 15, 2020 from https://alghad.com

ثالثًا: المصادر والمراجع الانجليزية

Abbott, W. M. (2008). The politics of , a case study. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 40 (1), 32-37.‏

Ali, H. I. H. (2013). Investigating factors responsible for grade inflation in college education. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 2(5), 93-106.‏

Bachan, R. (2017). Grade inflation in UK higher education. Studies in Higher Education , 42(8), 1580-1600.

Baglione, S.L. & Smith, Z. (2022), Grade inflation: undergraduate students perspective, Quality Assurance in Education, 30 (2), 251-267.

Birnbaum, R. (1977). Factors related to university grade inflation. The Journal of Higher Education, 48(5), 519-539.‏

Boretz, E. (2004). Grade Inflation and the Myth of Student Consumerism. Journal of College Teaching, 52 (2),42-46.

Borghans, L., Golsteyn, B. H., Heckman, J. J., & Humphries, J. E. (2016). What grades and achievement tests measure? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(47), 13354-13359.‏

Caruth, D. L., & Caruth, G. D. (2013). Grade Inflation: An Issue for Higher Education? Turkish Online Journal Of Distance Education, 14(1), 102–110.

Chowdhury, F. (2018). Grade Inflation: Causes, Consequences and Cure. Journal of Education and Learning ,7(6), 86-92.

Ediger, M. (2001). Grade inflation in higher education. (ERIC opinion paper). From ERIC (EBSCO) database. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED452263).

Eiszler, C. F. (2002). College students' evaluations of teaching and grade inflation. Research in Higher Education, 43(4), 483-501. doi:10.1023/A:1015579 817194.

Felton, J., & Koper, P. T. (2005). Nominal GPA and real GPA: a simple adjustment that compensates for grade inflation. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 30(6), 561-569.‏

Finefter-Rosenbluh, I., & Levinson, M. (2015). What is wrong with grade inflation (if anything)? Philosophical Inquiry in Education, 23(1), 3-21.

Godfrey, K. E. (2011). Investigating Grade Inflation and Non-Equivalence. Research Report 2011-2. College Board.‏

Gray, T., & Bunte, J .(2022). The Effect of Grades on Student Performance: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment. College Teaching, 70(1), 15-28.

Griffin, R., & Townsley, M. (2021). Points, Points, and More Points: High School Grade Inflation and Deflation when Homework and Employability Scores are Incorporated. Journal of School Administration Research and Development, 6(1), 1-11.‏

Hernández-Julián, R., & Looney, A.(2016). Measuring inflation in grades: An application of price indexing to undergraduate grades. Economics of Education Review, 55, 220-232.

Hunt, T., & Gardin, F. (2007). What's in a grade: Faculty responsibility for grade inflation. International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training, 12(3), 19-22.‏

Jephcote, C., Medland, E. & Lygo-Baker, S. (2020). Grade inflation versus grade improvement: Are our students getting more intelligent? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 46,(4), 547-571.

Johnson, V. E. (2003). Grade inflation: A crisis in college education. New York, NY: Springer.

Juola, A. (1980). Grade Inflation in Higher Education - 1979. Is it over? ERIC Document Reproduction Service, No EDI89129.

Keith, S. (2008). The Issue of Grade Divergence in higher Fields of Education between Business and Their Fields of Study: An Analysis of Grade Inflation, Proceedings of The Academy of Educational Leadership, 12 (1), 50 – 77.

Kohn, A. (2002). The dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 49 (11), 7 – 30.

Kostal, J. W., Kuncel, N. R., & Sackett, P. R. (2016). Grade inflation marches on: Grade increases from the 1990s to 2000s. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice,35(1),11-20.

McPherson, M., & Jewell, R. (2012). Instructor-Specific Grade Inflation: Incentives, Gender and Ethnicity. Social Science Quarterly,93(1), 95-109.

Müller-Benedict,V & Gaens, T. (2020). A new explanation for grade inflation: the long-term development of German university grades. European Journal of Higher Education, 10(2), 181-201.

Pattison, E., Grodsky, E., & Muller, C. (2013). Is the sky falling? Grade inflation and the signaling power of grades. Educational Researcher, 42(5), 259-265.‏

Rojstaczer, S. (2003a, January 28). Where all grades are above average. Washington Post, p. A21.

Stroebe, W. (2020). Student evaluations of teaching encourages poor teaching and contributes to grade inflation: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 42(4), 276-294.‏

Summary, R., & Weber, W.L. (2012).Grade inflation or productivity growth? An analysis of changing grade distributions at a regional university. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 38(1), 95–107.

Tampieri, A. (2013). Students’ Social Origins and Targeted Grade Inflation. Quaderni DSE Working Paper No. 801. Available at SSRN :https://ssrn .com/abstract =1974 496

Tyner, A., & Gershenson, S. (2020). Conceptualizing grade inflation. Economics of Education Review, 78,102037.

Wikström, C., & Wikström, M. (2005). Grade inflation and school competition: An empirical analysis based on the Swedish upper Secondary schools. Economics of Education Review, 24(3),309-322.

Wood, A. L., Ridley, D. R., & Summerville, R. M. (1999). University Grade Inflation through Twenty Years: An Analytical and Empirical Investigation. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper, San Antonio, TX.

Woodruff, D.J., & Ziomek, R.L. (2003). High School Grade Inflation from 1991 to 2003. Research Report Series 2004-04.

Zhang, Q., & Sanchez, E. I. (2013). High School Grade Inflation from 2004 to 2011. ACT Research Report Series, 2013 (3). ACT, Inc.‏